#break #case(FLOAT) TOKENS [#break] #debug #declare #default #else #end #error #fclose #fopen #if(Cond) TOKENS... [#else TOKENS...] #end #ifdef(IDENTIFIER) TOKENS... [#else TOKENS...] #end #ifndef(IDENTIFIER) TOKENS... [#else TOKENS...] #end #include #local #macro #range(F_LOW, F_HIGH) TOKENS [#break] #read #render #statistics #switch(FLOAT) SWITCH_CLAUSE... [#else TOKENS] #end #undef #version #warning #while(Cond) TOKENS... #end #write aa_level aa_threshold abs(A) Absolute value of A absorption accuracy acos(A) Arc-cosine of A acosh(A) Inverse hyperbolic cosine of A adaptive adc_bailout agate agate_turb all all_intersections alpha altitude always_sample ambient ambient_light angle aperture append arc_angle area_light array asc(S) Returns an integer value in the range 0 to 255 that is the ASCII value of the first character of the string S ascii asin(A) Arc-sine of A asinh(A) Inverse hyperbolic sine of A assumed_gamma atan(A) Inverse hyperbolic tangent of A atan2(A,B) Arc-tangent of (A/B) atanh(A) Invers hyperbolic tangent of A autostop average b_spline background bezier_spline bicubic_patch black_hole blob blue blur_samples bounded_by box boxed bozo brick brick_size brightness brilliance bump_map bump_size bumps camera caustics ceil(A) Ceiling of A cells charset checker chr(B) Character whose character value is B circular clipped_by clock clock_delta clock_on collect color color_map colour colour_map component composite concat(S1,S2,...) Concatenate strings S1 and S2 cone confidence conic_sweep conserve_energy contained_by control0 control1 coords cos(A) Cosine of A cosh(A) The hyperbolic cosine of A count crackle crand cube cubic cubic_spline cubic_wave cutaway_textures cylinder cylindrical defined(IDENTIFIER) Returns true if the identifier is currently defined, false otherwise degrees(A) Convert radians to degrees density density_file density_map dents df3 difference diffuse dimension_size( ARRAY_IDENTIFIER, FLOAT ) Returns the size of a given dimension of a previously declared array identifier dimensions( ARRAY_IDENTIFIER ) Returns the number of dimensions of a previously declared array identifier direction disc dispersion dispersion_samples dist_exp distance distance_maximum div(A,B) Integer division double_illuminate eccentricity emission error_bound evaluate exp(A) Exponential of A expand_thresholds exponent exterior extinction face_indices facets fade_color fade_colour fade_distance fade_power falloff falloff_angle false file_exists(S) Attempts to open the file specified by the string S filter final_clock final_frame finish fisheye flatness flip floor(A) Floor of A focal_point fog fog_alt fog_offset fog_type form frame_number frequency fresnel function gather gif global_lights global_settings gradient granite gray gray_threshold green height_field hexagon hf_gray_16 hierarchy hollow hypercomplex iff image_height image_map image_pattern image_width initial_clock initial_frame inside(O,V) It returns either 0.0, when the vector V is outside the object, specified by the object-identifier O, or 1.0 if it is inside inside_vector int(A) Integer part of A interior interior_texture internal interpolate intersection intervals inverse ior irid irid_wavelength isosurface jitter jpeg julia julia_fractal lambda lathe leopard light_group light_source linear_spline linear_sweep ln(A) Natural logarithm of A load_file location log(A) Logarithm of A look_at looks_like low_error_factor macro magnet major_radius mandel map_type marble material material_map matrix max(A,B,...) Maximum of two or more float values max_extent( OBJECT_IDENTIFIER ) The maximum coordinates of a #declared object's bounding box max_gradient max_intersections max_iteration max_sample max_trace max_trace_level media media_attenuation media_interaction merge mesh mesh2 metallic method metric min(A,B,...) Minimum of two or more float values min_extent( OBJECT_IDENTIFIER )The minimum coordinates of a #declared object's bounding box minimum_reuse mod(A,B) Value of A modulo B mortar natural_spline nearest_count no no_bump_scale no_image no_reflection no_shadow noise_generator normal normal_indices normal_map normal_vectors number_of_waves object octaves off offset omega omnimax on once onion open orient orientation orthographic panoramic parallel parametric pass_through pattern perspective pgm phase phong phong_size photons pi pigment pigment_map pigment_pattern planar plane png point_at poly poly_wave polygon pot pow(A,B) Exponentiation ppm precision precompute pretrace_end pretrace_start prism prod(i, b, n, a) The product function projected_through pwr quadratic_spline quadric quartic quaternion quick_color quick_colour quilted radial radians(A) Convert degrees to radians radiosity radius rainbow ramp_wave rand(I) Returns the next pseudo-random number from the stream specified by the positive integer I ratio reciprocal recursion_limit red reflection reflection_exponent refraction repeat rgb rgbf rgbft rgbt right ripples rotate roughness samples save_file scale scallop_wave scattering seed(I) Initializes a new pseudo-random stream with the initial seed value A select(A, B, C [,D]) shadowless sin(A) Sine of A sine_wave sinh(A) The hyperbolic sine of A size sky sky_sphere slice slope slope_map smooth smooth_triangle solid sor spacing specular sphere sphere_sweep spherical spiral1 spiral2 spline split_union spotlight spotted sqr sqrt(A) Square root of A steps str(A,L,P) Convert float A to a formatted string strcmp(S1,S2) Compare string S1 to S2 strength strlen(S) Length of S strlwr(S) Lower case of S strupr(S) Upper case of S sturm substr(S,P,L) Sub-string from S sum(i, b, n, a) The sum function superellipsoid sys t tan(A) Tangent of A tanh(A) The hyperbolic tangent of A target text texture texture_list texture_map tga thickness threshold tiff tightness tile2 tiles tolerance toroidal torus trace(OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, A, B, [VECTOR_IDENTIFIER]) Trace helps you finding the exact location of a ray intersecting with an object's surface transform translate transmit triangle triangle_wave true ttf turb_depth turbulence type u u_steps ultra_wide_angle union up use_alpha use_color use_colour use_index utf8 uv_indices uv_mapping uv_vectors v v_steps val(S) Convert string S to float variance vaxis_rotate(A,B,F) Rotate A about B by F vcross(A,B) Cross product of A and B vdot(V1,V2) Dot product (sometimes called scalar product) of V1 and V2 vertex_vectors vlength(V) Length of V vnormalize(A) Normalize vector A vrotate(A,B) Rotate A about origin by B vstr(N,A,S,L,P) Convert vector A to a formatted string vturbulence(Lambda, Omega, Octaves, A) Turbulence vector at A warp water_level waves width wood wrinkles x y yes z